To suppress the field concept and focus on "curvature" not only misstates Einstein's view it also gives people a false or misleading understanding of general relativity. For example Sean Carroll, a leading physicist of today, wrote:Įinstein's general relativity describes gravity in terms of a field that is defined at every point in space… The world is really made out of fields… deep down it's really fields… The fields themselves aren't "made of" anything - fields are what the world is made of… Einstein's… "metric tensor"… can be thought of as a collection of ten independent numbers at every point. And Einstein is not the only physicist who believes that. The G tensor, said Einstein "describes the gravitational field." The term "gravitational field" or just "field" occurs 58 times in this article, while the word "curvature" doesn't appear at all (except in regard to "curvature of a ray of light"). In the very paper cited by Scientific American ("The foundation of the general theory of relativity", 1916) he wrote, " a field of force, namely the gravitational field, which possesses the remarkable property of imparting the same acceleration to all bodies". Einstein made it quite clear that gravity is a force like other forces, with (of course) certain differences. The problem is, that's NOT what Einstein said. As Stephen Hawking wrote in A Brief History of Time, "Einstein made the revolutionary suggestion that gravity is not a force like other forces, but is a consequence of the fact that space-time is not flat, as had been previously assumed: it is curved, or warped."
In fact, many physicist today emphasize "curvature" as the explanation for gravity. 56 there is a reference to "Albert Einstein's explanation of how gravity emerges from the bending of space and time". 43 we find that "the Einstein tensor G describes how the geometry of space-time is warped and curved by massive objects", and on p.
For example, on the first page of that section, we read "gravity… is the by-product of a curving universe", on p.
In the September "Einstein" issue of Scientific American, readers are given the impression that gravity is caused by curvature of space-time. Scientific American, EINSTEIN DIDN'T SAY THAT! It would fit perfectly inside of a dodecahedron.Īctual thread (or string) length is about one Ångström and it is fine enough where 10 threads (20 radii) could curl-up into the size of a neutron. The particle itself would be just the grey threads (or strings) in the picture (no color and a lot thinner of course).
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